更新时间:2008-05-02
小飞侠 • 玫瑰人生:Edith Piaf 生平
看完片子，很震撼，同时有点晕。
的确，把人生浓缩到一部电影有点难。在网上找来Edith Piaf的生平介绍：
百度百科 http://baike.baidu.com/view/1453968.htm
生平介绍：
Edith Piaf ,原名Edith Gassion，1915年12月19日出生于巴黎。有传说她母亲是在巴黎街道的路灯边生下她的，但事实上她是在当地的医院出生的。父亲Louis-Alphonse Gassion是一位街头杂耍艺人，母亲Anita Maillard是个卖唱的歌女,艺名叫Line Marsa。跟刚打算退役的法国足球巨星齐达内一样，Piaf的母亲Anita是有卡比利亚（北非阿尔及利亚地区民族，也称柏柏尔人，在依比利斯半岛活动，多为流浪者）血统的“下等法国人”。第一次世界大战期间，父亲从军，母亲在街头卖艺讨生活，根本无暇照顾女儿，Edith在幼年时，只得与在诺曼底的奶奶相依为命。在乡间，她度过了几年快乐的时光。战争结束后，父亲把她接回身边，她的生活开始没有什么幸福可言，为了生活，他们的草台班子在全法国流浪表演（世界名著、都德的《小东西》就描写了很多流浪艺人的艰辛），可怜的Edith，早早领略了生活的艰难。可能是家庭的遗传，Piaf天生一副好嗓子，渐渐地，她也正式成了戏班子里的一员。15岁的时候，这位乡下小妹子决心离开父亲，独自去巴黎闯荡。1932年，她与同为流浪艺人的Louis Dupon，一年后育有一女Marcelle，但这个小女孩只活了两岁就因脑膜炎而夭折 。Edith继续在街头卖唱，直到有一天，Louis Leplée——坐落在香榭丽舍大道（Avenue des Champs Elysées）的巴黎最优雅的酒吧之一le Gerny's的老板——无意间听到这个年轻姑娘的演唱，立刻被这个娇小女人的嗓音迷住了。他立刻签下了她，并为她取艺名为拉·莫姆·琵雅芙（在巴黎方言中，这是小鸟的意思）。Piaf的身高只有1.47m，确实像一只楚楚可怜的小鸟。琵雅芙是将多愁善感、幽默和严酷的现实主义极好地结合起来，她是法国传统歌曲的化身。
从1936年开始，直至去世，琵雅芙录制了许多专辑。她的最后一首歌是L'hommede Berlin，这是她在1963年初录制的。琵雅芙在世的时候并不富裕。事实上，琵雅芙经历过多次车祸，还有毒品困扰，她去世时还给比她小很多岁的第二任丈夫留下一大笔债务。琵雅芙的一生辉煌但短暂，她以她的方式给我们带来了无尽的欢乐。
历程：
老板Louis对她宠爱有加，并在36年为她录制了第一张唱片Les M?mes de la cloche（“乡下姑娘”的意思）。但苦命的Piaf总是那么不幸：那年4月，Louis Leplée被人在自己的家中谋杀！Piaf因与他有密切关系而被被警方传讯……各种“娱乐媒体”便大肆渲染这段“传奇”。
Piaf失去了靠山，但她关键时刻总有贵人相助，她的一个“粉丝”Raymond Asso，一位知名的冒险家，帮助她迅速摆脱了那些烦人的事情并离开了le Gerny's酒吧。在Raymond Asso的引导下，Piaf慢慢脱去了乡下女子的土气和在父母的市井阶层所沾染上的俗气，最后成为大家所熟悉的那个Edith Piaf——一副迷茫的神情，一副无助的样子，头发凄凄，嘴唇腥红，双臂沿着起皱的黑色毛衣下垂……她已经不再是乡下的小鸟，她成了巴黎的尤物。这一年，她拍摄了第一部电影，Jean Limur导演的La gar?onne，几个月后又是第二部电影Bobino。40年，她与戏剧演员Paul Meurisse同居Paul教会Piaf很多东西，特别是如何得体地处理社会上的种种问题。剧作家Jean Cocteau为他们两度身编写了一部话剧Le bel indifférent，在夫婿及Jean Cocteau的帮助下，Piaf的表演获得极大成功，这部戏也激发了她对戏剧的兴趣，展现了她的表演天分。
随后，夫妻俩一起出演了Georges Lacombe的电影Montmartre sur scène。拍摄过程中，Piaf与电影音乐作者Henri Contet结下了特殊的友情，Henri后来成为Piaf最主要的词曲作者。
当年这只楚楚可怜的小鸟逐渐羽翼丰满了，二战期间，Piaf已经可以勇敢地以自己的方式反抗占领者：她不顾德国人的警告，坚持与犹太音乐家合作并演出。此时的她已经变得成熟，不单指其性格，也指她的艺术表现形式以及她与社会方方面面协调的能力。她巧妙周旋在各种势力之间，利用自己的经验和成就，实现自己的意愿。
44年，初到巴黎的毛头小子Yves Montand闯入了她的生活。年过30的她不顾一切爱上了他，并张开翅膀保护这个初到巴黎的乡下小伙。Piaf已经不是小鸟，她成了保护女神和引路人。可能与Yves有类似的幼年生活经历，她对Yves既有情人的爱，也有一种近乎母爱的情感。她为把自己的制作团队介绍给Yves，她让她的“御用”作曲家Henri Contet为小伙子写出了Yves最早的成名曲Battling Joe及Luna park。
她一步步将Yves引入社交界，指导他阅读，交游，使他很快与巴黎融入一体（看到这里，小伙子们都动心了吗？）。45年，她与Montand合演了电影Etoile sans lumière。
在45年以前，Piaf只有一首有影响力的歌曲是由她自己填词的，那就是La vie en Rose（Louiguy作曲）。这首歌曾经被她周围的人认为意识太超前，不会受欢迎，但结果是如今这首歌已经几乎成了Chanson（法语单词，“歌曲”的意思。港台将其翻译成更加美感的“香颂”）的代名词。
46年，Piaf注意到年轻的创作歌手组合Cmopagnons de la Chanson，她非常欣赏他们的才干。为自己与Yves着想，她设法将他们网罗到门下，专为她自己和Yves写歌作曲。在她的促成下，发行了一张专辑Les trois cloches，Yves借此获得1百万张唱片的销量……但不知什么样的原因，这一年，她与Yves莫名地分开了。也许是她预见了Yves不可限量的未来，所以选择了悄悄地离开……在我所听过的男声的La vie en Rose的版本中，Yves的和美国黑人Louis Armstrong的两个版本是我最喜欢的。
也许是为了散心，也许是为了摆脱过去。47年她第一次赴美国开演唱会，将Cmopagnons de la Chanson也一并带了过去。 这次新大陆之行对Piaf实在是一次挑战，在纽约Playhouse最初的几场演出只能算失败，美国佬并不了解这个女人，当然，语言也是理解的障碍。不过她决定继续留下来，而且把演出场地也搬到了曼哈顿（Manhattan）。她越来越成功，渐渐打开了新大陆市场。当然她的收获还不止于此：她与演员、歌手Marlène Dietrich成为了终生的好朋友，同时与著名拳手Marcel Cerdan堕入情网。这段拳王与歌后的爱情故事成为47年大小报纸津津乐道的话题。
Piaf与Cerdan的幸福是充实的，那时，她与Marguerite Monnot合作为有情人写下了著名的香颂：L'hymne à l'amour——她的又一首不朽的经典。
但厄运似乎总不愿远离这个不幸而成功的女人，49年10月28日，Marcel Cerdan突然因空难而故去，传奇变成了悲剧。这次巨大的打击使Piaf在有生之年，再也没有真正地解脱出来……回顾往事，她爱的男人，总是被一股神秘、意外的力量从她身边被夺走。她变成了神秘主义者和宿命论者。
不过，这个坚强的女人并没有停止工作，50年她返回巴黎，在Pleyel继续演出。这一时期，年轻的词曲作家Charles Aznavour成了她身边的“全能人”：她的秘书，司机和知心人。事实上，自45年起，她就开始利用自己的影响在帮助CHARLES，只不过她没有象帮助Yves或Les Compagnons de la Chanson那样提携Charles罢了。但忠实的Aznavour依然对她念念不忘，为她写下很多优秀的歌曲。
1951年，Piaf再次找到了新的保护人——年轻的美国舞蹈演员兼歌手Eddie Constantine。但这段故事仅仅维持了7个月，神秘事件再次发生：这回是她自己，她连续遇上两起交通意外，其中第二次差点要了她的命。治疗过程中，她染上了毒瘾，自此再也未能从这个可怕的嗜好中挣扎出来……
连续的打击，使她沉迷于毒品与酒精，这严重损害了她的身体……她似乎想借婚姻改变命运，1952年7月，她与歌手Jacques Pills举行了她一直梦想的第一次正式的婚礼。婚后，他们双双赴美演出，她演出了新婚夫婿Jacques Pills为她写的几首作品。这是她第5次赴美演出，当然，当年让她打开新大陆之门的Le Versailles那里依然是必去的。
这一年她经历了几次毒品不良反应，身体情况非常糟糕。但也在这年，她达到了她个人艺术事业的最高峰，巡回演唱会不断。她糟糕的身体几乎拖垮了她。53-54年，她不得不闭门修养。但是，当55年接到在奥林匹亚剧场（所有歌手的圣地）的邀请后，Piaf再次焕发出令人惊奇的激情和能量，这次演出获得极大的成功，鼓舞了她继续演艺事业的信心。
58年再次在奥林匹亚演唱会上，她演出了她另一首重要作品Mon manège à moi。之后，她认识了歌手、曲作家Georges Moustaki，9月她与Georges竟然又一次遇上了严重的交通事故……随后，在纽约的演唱会上，Piaf倒在了舞台上。似乎预见来日无多，她拒绝了朋友们、医生的建议，坚持60年的奥林匹亚演唱会照旧进行。
Piaf的玫瑰色人生还未结束，61年夏天，她结识了她生命中最后一个男人——Theophanis Lamboukas，她叫他Sarapo（希腊语“我爱你”的意思），这个希腊歌手陪她走完了人生最后的一段旅程。这年7月，她在祖国法国接受了“终身成就大奖”。62年9月25日，在巴黎埃菲尔铁塔下为全巴黎演唱了Le Jour le plus long，她的光耀无与伦比。
维基百科http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89dith_Piaf
Early life
Despite numerous published biographies, much of Piaf's life is shrouded in mystery.［2］ She was born Édith Giovanna Gassion［3］ in Belleville, Paris, the high-immigration district later described by Daniel Pennac. Legend has it that she was born on the pavement of Rue de Belleville 72, but her birth certificate states she was born at Hôpital Tenon,［4］ the hospital for the 20th arrondissement of which Belleville is part. She was named Édith after the World War I British nurse Edith Cavell, who was executed for helping French soldiers escape from German captivity.［5］ Piaf—a Francilien colloquialism for "sparrow"—originated as a nickname she would receive 20 years later.
Her mother, Annetta Giovanna Maillard (1895–1945), was a French pied noir of French-Italian descent on her father's side and of Kabyle Berber origin on her mother's. She was a native of Livorno, a port city on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy. She was working as a café singer under the name Line Marsa.［4］ Louis-Alphonse Gassion (1881–1944), Piaf's father, was a Norman street acrobat［6］ with a past in the theatre. Piaf's parents soon abandoned her, and she lived for a short time with her Kabyle maternal grandmother, Emma (Aïcha) Saïd ben Mohammed (1876–1930). Before enlisting with the French Army in 1916 to fight in World War I, her father took Piaf to his mother, who ran a Normandy brothel. The prostitutes helped look after Piaf.［1］
From the age of three to seven, Piaf was allegedly blind as a result of keratitis. According to one of her biographies, she recovered her sight after her grandmother's prostitutes pooled money to send her on a pilgrimage honoring Saint Thérèse de Lisieux, resulting in a miraculous healing. In 1929, at 14, she joined her father in his acrobatic street performances all over France, where she first sang in public.［1］ She took a room at Grand Hôtel de Clermont (18 rue Veron, Paris 18ème) and separated from him, going her own way as a street singer in Pigalle, Ménilmontant, and the Paris suburbs (cf. the song "Elle fréquentait la Rue Pigalle"). She joined her friend Simone Berteaut ("Mômone")［4］ in this endeavor, and the two became lifelong partners in mischief.［1］ She was about 16 when she fell in love with Louis Dupont, a delivery boy.［1］ At 17, she had her only child, a girl named Marcelle, who died of meningitis at age two.［6］ Like her mother, Piaf found it difficult to care for a child while living a life of the streets, so she often left Marcelle alone while she was away, and Dupont raised the child before her death.［1］ Piaf's next boyfriend was a pimp named Albert who took a commission from the money she made singing in exchange for not forcing her into prostitution. One of her friends, a girl named Nadia, killed herself when faced with the thought of becoming a prostitute, and Albert nearly shot Piaf when she ended the relationship in reaction to Nadia's death.［1］
［edit］ Singing career
In 1935 Piaf was discovered in the Pigalle area of Paris［1］ by the nightclub owner Louis Leplée,［3］ whose club Le Gerny off the Champs Élysées［6］ was frequented by the upper and lower classes alike. He persuaded her to sing despite her extreme nervousness, which, combined with her height of only 147 cm (4 feet 8 inches),［7］［4］ inspired him to give her the nickname that would stay with her for the rest of her life and serve as her stage name, La Môme Piaf［3］ (The Waif Sparrow, Little Sparrow or Kid Sparrow in Parigot slang).［1］ Leplée taught her the basics of stage presence and told her to wear a black dress which would later become her trademark apparel.［1］ Leplée ran a large publicity campaign prior to her opening night, which resulted in a number of celebrities including actor Maurice Chevalier attending the opening.［1］ Her nightclub gigs led to her first two records produced that same year,［7］ with one of them penned by Marguerite Monnot, an ongoing collaborator throughout Piaf's life.［1］
On April 6, 1936,［1］ Leplée was murdered and Piaf was questioned in the matter and accused of being an accessory, but she was acquitted.［3］ He had been killed by mobsters with previous ties to Piaf.［8］ This resulted in much negative media attention directed towards Piaf,［4］ which threatened her career.［1］ To rehabilitate her image, she recruited Raymond Asso, with whom she would also become romantically involved. He changed her stage name to "Édith Piaf," barred her undesirable acquaintances from seeing her, and commissioned Monnot to write songs that reflected or alluded to Piaf's previous life on the streets.［1］
In 1940, Édith co-starred in Jean Cocteau's successful one-act play Le Bel Indifférent.［1］ She began to make friends with famous people, such as Chevalier and the poet Jacques Borgeat. She wrote the lyrics of many of her songs and collaborated with composers on the tunes. In 1944, Édith Piaf discovered Yves Montand in Paris, made him part of her act, and became his mentor［4］ and lover.［8］ Within a year, he became one of the most famous singers in France, and she broke off their relationship when he had become almost as popular as she was.［1］
During this time, she was in great demand and very successful in Paris［3］ as France's most popular entertainer.［7］ After the war, she became known internationally,［3］ touring Europe, the United States, and South America. She helped to launch the career of Charles Aznavour in the early 1950s, taking him on tour with her in France and the United States and recording some of his songs.［1］ At first she met with little success with US audiences, who regarded her as downcast.［1］ After a glowing review by a prominent New York critic, though, she met with better success［1］ and her popularity in the United States was such that she appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show eight times and at Carnegie Hall twice (1956［6］ and 1957).
Edith Piaf's signature song "La vie en rose"［1］ was written in 1945 and was voted a Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1998.
The legendary Paris Olympia concert hall is where Piaf achieved lasting fame, giving several series of concerts at the hall, the most famous venue in Paris,［4］ between January 1955 and October 1962. Excerpts from five of these concerts (1955, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1962) were issued on record and CD and have never been out of print. The 1961 concerts were promised by Piaf in an effort to save the venue from bankruptcy and where she debuted her song "Non, je ne regrette rien".［4］ In April 1963, Piaf recorded her last song, "L'homme de Berlin".
［edit］ World War II
During World War II, she was a frequent performer at German Forces social gatherings in occupied France, and many considered her a traitor; following the war she claimed to have been working for the French resistance. While there is no evidence of this per se, it does seem to be true that she was instrumental in helping a number of individuals (including at least one Jew) escape Nazi persecution. Throughout it all, she remained a national and international favorite.［9］ Piaf dated a Jewish pianist during this time and co-wrote a subtle protest song with Monnot.［1］ According to one story, singing for high-ranking Germans at the One Two Two Club［10］ earned Piaf the right to pose for photographs with French prisoners of war, to boost their morale. The Frenchmen were supposedly able to cut out their photos and use them as forged passport photos,［10］ and some of them managed to escape.
［edit］ Personal life
The love of Piaf's life,［3］ the married boxer Marcel Cerdan, died in a plane crash in October 1949, while flying from Paris to New York City to meet her. Cerdan's Air France flight, flown on a Lockheed Constellation, went down in the Azores, killing everyone on board, including famous violinist Ginette Neveu.［11］ Piaf and Cerdan's affair made international headlines,［4］ as Cerdan was the middleweight world champion and a legend in France in his own right. Piaf was later married twice. Her first husband was Jacques Pills, a singer. They married in 1952 (Piaf's maid of honour was Marlene Dietrich) and divorced in 1956. Her second husband, Théo Sarapo, was a Greek hairdresser-turned-singer and actor［1］ who was 20 years younger than Piaf. They married in 1962 and sang together in some of her last engagements.［1］
In 1951 Piaf was involved in a car crash along with Aznavour, breaking an arm and two ribs, and thereafter had difficulty breaking serious morphine and alcohol addictions.［1］ Two more near-fatal car crashes exacerbated the situation.［6］ Her first husband, Jacques Pills, took her into rehabilitation on three different occasions to no avail.［1］
Death and legacy
The grave of Édith Piaf, Père Lachaise Cemetery, ParisPiaf died of liver cancer at Plascassier, on the French Riviera, on 10 October 1963, but officially made public on the 11th, the same day that her friend Jean Cocteau died.［12］ She slipped in and out of consciousness for the last months of her life.［6］ It is said that Sarapo drove her body back to Paris secretly so that fans would think she had died in her hometown.［1］［10］ She is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery, in Paris, where her grave is one of the most visited.［1］
的确，把人生浓缩到一部电影有点难。在网上找来Edith Piaf的生平介绍：
百度百科 http://baike.baidu.com/view/1453968.htm
生平介绍：
Edith Piaf ,原名Edith Gassion，1915年12月19日出生于巴黎。有传说她母亲是在巴黎街道的路灯边生下她的，但事实上她是在当地的医院出生的。父亲Louis-Alphonse Gassion是一位街头杂耍艺人，母亲Anita Maillard是个卖唱的歌女,艺名叫Line Marsa。跟刚打算退役的法国足球巨星齐达内一样，Piaf的母亲Anita是有卡比利亚（北非阿尔及利亚地区民族，也称柏柏尔人，在依比利斯半岛活动，多为流浪者）血统的“下等法国人”。第一次世界大战期间，父亲从军，母亲在街头卖艺讨生活，根本无暇照顾女儿，Edith在幼年时，只得与在诺曼底的奶奶相依为命。在乡间，她度过了几年快乐的时光。战争结束后，父亲把她接回身边，她的生活开始没有什么幸福可言，为了生活，他们的草台班子在全法国流浪表演（世界名著、都德的《小东西》就描写了很多流浪艺人的艰辛），可怜的Edith，早早领略了生活的艰难。可能是家庭的遗传，Piaf天生一副好嗓子，渐渐地，她也正式成了戏班子里的一员。15岁的时候，这位乡下小妹子决心离开父亲，独自去巴黎闯荡。1932年，她与同为流浪艺人的Louis Dupon，一年后育有一女Marcelle，但这个小女孩只活了两岁就因脑膜炎而夭折 。Edith继续在街头卖唱，直到有一天，Louis Leplée——坐落在香榭丽舍大道（Avenue des Champs Elysées）的巴黎最优雅的酒吧之一le Gerny's的老板——无意间听到这个年轻姑娘的演唱，立刻被这个娇小女人的嗓音迷住了。他立刻签下了她，并为她取艺名为拉·莫姆·琵雅芙（在巴黎方言中，这是小鸟的意思）。Piaf的身高只有1.47m，确实像一只楚楚可怜的小鸟。琵雅芙是将多愁善感、幽默和严酷的现实主义极好地结合起来，她是法国传统歌曲的化身。
从1936年开始，直至去世，琵雅芙录制了许多专辑。她的最后一首歌是L'hommede Berlin，这是她在1963年初录制的。琵雅芙在世的时候并不富裕。事实上，琵雅芙经历过多次车祸，还有毒品困扰，她去世时还给比她小很多岁的第二任丈夫留下一大笔债务。琵雅芙的一生辉煌但短暂，她以她的方式给我们带来了无尽的欢乐。
历程：
老板Louis对她宠爱有加，并在36年为她录制了第一张唱片Les M?mes de la cloche（“乡下姑娘”的意思）。但苦命的Piaf总是那么不幸：那年4月，Louis Leplée被人在自己的家中谋杀！Piaf因与他有密切关系而被被警方传讯……各种“娱乐媒体”便大肆渲染这段“传奇”。
Piaf失去了靠山，但她关键时刻总有贵人相助，她的一个“粉丝”Raymond Asso，一位知名的冒险家，帮助她迅速摆脱了那些烦人的事情并离开了le Gerny's酒吧。在Raymond Asso的引导下，Piaf慢慢脱去了乡下女子的土气和在父母的市井阶层所沾染上的俗气，最后成为大家所熟悉的那个Edith Piaf——一副迷茫的神情，一副无助的样子，头发凄凄，嘴唇腥红，双臂沿着起皱的黑色毛衣下垂……她已经不再是乡下的小鸟，她成了巴黎的尤物。这一年，她拍摄了第一部电影，Jean Limur导演的La gar?onne，几个月后又是第二部电影Bobino。40年，她与戏剧演员Paul Meurisse同居Paul教会Piaf很多东西，特别是如何得体地处理社会上的种种问题。剧作家Jean Cocteau为他们两度身编写了一部话剧Le bel indifférent，在夫婿及Jean Cocteau的帮助下，Piaf的表演获得极大成功，这部戏也激发了她对戏剧的兴趣，展现了她的表演天分。
随后，夫妻俩一起出演了Georges Lacombe的电影Montmartre sur scène。拍摄过程中，Piaf与电影音乐作者Henri Contet结下了特殊的友情，Henri后来成为Piaf最主要的词曲作者。
当年这只楚楚可怜的小鸟逐渐羽翼丰满了，二战期间，Piaf已经可以勇敢地以自己的方式反抗占领者：她不顾德国人的警告，坚持与犹太音乐家合作并演出。此时的她已经变得成熟，不单指其性格，也指她的艺术表现形式以及她与社会方方面面协调的能力。她巧妙周旋在各种势力之间，利用自己的经验和成就，实现自己的意愿。
44年，初到巴黎的毛头小子Yves Montand闯入了她的生活。年过30的她不顾一切爱上了他，并张开翅膀保护这个初到巴黎的乡下小伙。Piaf已经不是小鸟，她成了保护女神和引路人。可能与Yves有类似的幼年生活经历，她对Yves既有情人的爱，也有一种近乎母爱的情感。她为把自己的制作团队介绍给Yves，她让她的“御用”作曲家Henri Contet为小伙子写出了Yves最早的成名曲Battling Joe及Luna park。
她一步步将Yves引入社交界，指导他阅读，交游，使他很快与巴黎融入一体（看到这里，小伙子们都动心了吗？）。45年，她与Montand合演了电影Etoile sans lumière。
在45年以前，Piaf只有一首有影响力的歌曲是由她自己填词的，那就是La vie en Rose（Louiguy作曲）。这首歌曾经被她周围的人认为意识太超前，不会受欢迎，但结果是如今这首歌已经几乎成了Chanson（法语单词，“歌曲”的意思。港台将其翻译成更加美感的“香颂”）的代名词。
46年，Piaf注意到年轻的创作歌手组合Cmopagnons de la Chanson，她非常欣赏他们的才干。为自己与Yves着想，她设法将他们网罗到门下，专为她自己和Yves写歌作曲。在她的促成下，发行了一张专辑Les trois cloches，Yves借此获得1百万张唱片的销量……但不知什么样的原因，这一年，她与Yves莫名地分开了。也许是她预见了Yves不可限量的未来，所以选择了悄悄地离开……在我所听过的男声的La vie en Rose的版本中，Yves的和美国黑人Louis Armstrong的两个版本是我最喜欢的。
也许是为了散心，也许是为了摆脱过去。47年她第一次赴美国开演唱会，将Cmopagnons de la Chanson也一并带了过去。 这次新大陆之行对Piaf实在是一次挑战，在纽约Playhouse最初的几场演出只能算失败，美国佬并不了解这个女人，当然，语言也是理解的障碍。不过她决定继续留下来，而且把演出场地也搬到了曼哈顿（Manhattan）。她越来越成功，渐渐打开了新大陆市场。当然她的收获还不止于此：她与演员、歌手Marlène Dietrich成为了终生的好朋友，同时与著名拳手Marcel Cerdan堕入情网。这段拳王与歌后的爱情故事成为47年大小报纸津津乐道的话题。
Piaf与Cerdan的幸福是充实的，那时，她与Marguerite Monnot合作为有情人写下了著名的香颂：L'hymne à l'amour——她的又一首不朽的经典。
但厄运似乎总不愿远离这个不幸而成功的女人，49年10月28日，Marcel Cerdan突然因空难而故去，传奇变成了悲剧。这次巨大的打击使Piaf在有生之年，再也没有真正地解脱出来……回顾往事，她爱的男人，总是被一股神秘、意外的力量从她身边被夺走。她变成了神秘主义者和宿命论者。
不过，这个坚强的女人并没有停止工作，50年她返回巴黎，在Pleyel继续演出。这一时期，年轻的词曲作家Charles Aznavour成了她身边的“全能人”：她的秘书，司机和知心人。事实上，自45年起，她就开始利用自己的影响在帮助CHARLES，只不过她没有象帮助Yves或Les Compagnons de la Chanson那样提携Charles罢了。但忠实的Aznavour依然对她念念不忘，为她写下很多优秀的歌曲。
1951年，Piaf再次找到了新的保护人——年轻的美国舞蹈演员兼歌手Eddie Constantine。但这段故事仅仅维持了7个月，神秘事件再次发生：这回是她自己，她连续遇上两起交通意外，其中第二次差点要了她的命。治疗过程中，她染上了毒瘾，自此再也未能从这个可怕的嗜好中挣扎出来……
连续的打击，使她沉迷于毒品与酒精，这严重损害了她的身体……她似乎想借婚姻改变命运，1952年7月，她与歌手Jacques Pills举行了她一直梦想的第一次正式的婚礼。婚后，他们双双赴美演出，她演出了新婚夫婿Jacques Pills为她写的几首作品。这是她第5次赴美演出，当然，当年让她打开新大陆之门的Le Versailles那里依然是必去的。
这一年她经历了几次毒品不良反应，身体情况非常糟糕。但也在这年，她达到了她个人艺术事业的最高峰，巡回演唱会不断。她糟糕的身体几乎拖垮了她。53-54年，她不得不闭门修养。但是，当55年接到在奥林匹亚剧场（所有歌手的圣地）的邀请后，Piaf再次焕发出令人惊奇的激情和能量，这次演出获得极大的成功，鼓舞了她继续演艺事业的信心。
58年再次在奥林匹亚演唱会上，她演出了她另一首重要作品Mon manège à moi。之后，她认识了歌手、曲作家Georges Moustaki，9月她与Georges竟然又一次遇上了严重的交通事故……随后，在纽约的演唱会上，Piaf倒在了舞台上。似乎预见来日无多，她拒绝了朋友们、医生的建议，坚持60年的奥林匹亚演唱会照旧进行。
Piaf的玫瑰色人生还未结束，61年夏天，她结识了她生命中最后一个男人——Theophanis Lamboukas，她叫他Sarapo（希腊语“我爱你”的意思），这个希腊歌手陪她走完了人生最后的一段旅程。这年7月，她在祖国法国接受了“终身成就大奖”。62年9月25日，在巴黎埃菲尔铁塔下为全巴黎演唱了Le Jour le plus long，她的光耀无与伦比。
维基百科http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89dith_Piaf
Early life
Despite numerous published biographies, much of Piaf's life is shrouded in mystery.［2］ She was born Édith Giovanna Gassion［3］ in Belleville, Paris, the high-immigration district later described by Daniel Pennac. Legend has it that she was born on the pavement of Rue de Belleville 72, but her birth certificate states she was born at Hôpital Tenon,［4］ the hospital for the 20th arrondissement of which Belleville is part. She was named Édith after the World War I British nurse Edith Cavell, who was executed for helping French soldiers escape from German captivity.［5］ Piaf—a Francilien colloquialism for "sparrow"—originated as a nickname she would receive 20 years later.
Her mother, Annetta Giovanna Maillard (1895–1945), was a French pied noir of French-Italian descent on her father's side and of Kabyle Berber origin on her mother's. She was a native of Livorno, a port city on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy. She was working as a café singer under the name Line Marsa.［4］ Louis-Alphonse Gassion (1881–1944), Piaf's father, was a Norman street acrobat［6］ with a past in the theatre. Piaf's parents soon abandoned her, and she lived for a short time with her Kabyle maternal grandmother, Emma (Aïcha) Saïd ben Mohammed (1876–1930). Before enlisting with the French Army in 1916 to fight in World War I, her father took Piaf to his mother, who ran a Normandy brothel. The prostitutes helped look after Piaf.［1］
From the age of three to seven, Piaf was allegedly blind as a result of keratitis. According to one of her biographies, she recovered her sight after her grandmother's prostitutes pooled money to send her on a pilgrimage honoring Saint Thérèse de Lisieux, resulting in a miraculous healing. In 1929, at 14, she joined her father in his acrobatic street performances all over France, where she first sang in public.［1］ She took a room at Grand Hôtel de Clermont (18 rue Veron, Paris 18ème) and separated from him, going her own way as a street singer in Pigalle, Ménilmontant, and the Paris suburbs (cf. the song "Elle fréquentait la Rue Pigalle"). She joined her friend Simone Berteaut ("Mômone")［4］ in this endeavor, and the two became lifelong partners in mischief.［1］ She was about 16 when she fell in love with Louis Dupont, a delivery boy.［1］ At 17, she had her only child, a girl named Marcelle, who died of meningitis at age two.［6］ Like her mother, Piaf found it difficult to care for a child while living a life of the streets, so she often left Marcelle alone while she was away, and Dupont raised the child before her death.［1］ Piaf's next boyfriend was a pimp named Albert who took a commission from the money she made singing in exchange for not forcing her into prostitution. One of her friends, a girl named Nadia, killed herself when faced with the thought of becoming a prostitute, and Albert nearly shot Piaf when she ended the relationship in reaction to Nadia's death.［1］
［edit］ Singing career
In 1935 Piaf was discovered in the Pigalle area of Paris［1］ by the nightclub owner Louis Leplée,［3］ whose club Le Gerny off the Champs Élysées［6］ was frequented by the upper and lower classes alike. He persuaded her to sing despite her extreme nervousness, which, combined with her height of only 147 cm (4 feet 8 inches),［7］［4］ inspired him to give her the nickname that would stay with her for the rest of her life and serve as her stage name, La Môme Piaf［3］ (The Waif Sparrow, Little Sparrow or Kid Sparrow in Parigot slang).［1］ Leplée taught her the basics of stage presence and told her to wear a black dress which would later become her trademark apparel.［1］ Leplée ran a large publicity campaign prior to her opening night, which resulted in a number of celebrities including actor Maurice Chevalier attending the opening.［1］ Her nightclub gigs led to her first two records produced that same year,［7］ with one of them penned by Marguerite Monnot, an ongoing collaborator throughout Piaf's life.［1］
On April 6, 1936,［1］ Leplée was murdered and Piaf was questioned in the matter and accused of being an accessory, but she was acquitted.［3］ He had been killed by mobsters with previous ties to Piaf.［8］ This resulted in much negative media attention directed towards Piaf,［4］ which threatened her career.［1］ To rehabilitate her image, she recruited Raymond Asso, with whom she would also become romantically involved. He changed her stage name to "Édith Piaf," barred her undesirable acquaintances from seeing her, and commissioned Monnot to write songs that reflected or alluded to Piaf's previous life on the streets.［1］
In 1940, Édith co-starred in Jean Cocteau's successful one-act play Le Bel Indifférent.［1］ She began to make friends with famous people, such as Chevalier and the poet Jacques Borgeat. She wrote the lyrics of many of her songs and collaborated with composers on the tunes. In 1944, Édith Piaf discovered Yves Montand in Paris, made him part of her act, and became his mentor［4］ and lover.［8］ Within a year, he became one of the most famous singers in France, and she broke off their relationship when he had become almost as popular as she was.［1］
During this time, she was in great demand and very successful in Paris［3］ as France's most popular entertainer.［7］ After the war, she became known internationally,［3］ touring Europe, the United States, and South America. She helped to launch the career of Charles Aznavour in the early 1950s, taking him on tour with her in France and the United States and recording some of his songs.［1］ At first she met with little success with US audiences, who regarded her as downcast.［1］ After a glowing review by a prominent New York critic, though, she met with better success［1］ and her popularity in the United States was such that she appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show eight times and at Carnegie Hall twice (1956［6］ and 1957).
Edith Piaf's signature song "La vie en rose"［1］ was written in 1945 and was voted a Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1998.
The legendary Paris Olympia concert hall is where Piaf achieved lasting fame, giving several series of concerts at the hall, the most famous venue in Paris,［4］ between January 1955 and October 1962. Excerpts from five of these concerts (1955, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1962) were issued on record and CD and have never been out of print. The 1961 concerts were promised by Piaf in an effort to save the venue from bankruptcy and where she debuted her song "Non, je ne regrette rien".［4］ In April 1963, Piaf recorded her last song, "L'homme de Berlin".
［edit］ World War II
During World War II, she was a frequent performer at German Forces social gatherings in occupied France, and many considered her a traitor; following the war she claimed to have been working for the French resistance. While there is no evidence of this per se, it does seem to be true that she was instrumental in helping a number of individuals (including at least one Jew) escape Nazi persecution. Throughout it all, she remained a national and international favorite.［9］ Piaf dated a Jewish pianist during this time and co-wrote a subtle protest song with Monnot.［1］ According to one story, singing for high-ranking Germans at the One Two Two Club［10］ earned Piaf the right to pose for photographs with French prisoners of war, to boost their morale. The Frenchmen were supposedly able to cut out their photos and use them as forged passport photos,［10］ and some of them managed to escape.
［edit］ Personal life
The love of Piaf's life,［3］ the married boxer Marcel Cerdan, died in a plane crash in October 1949, while flying from Paris to New York City to meet her. Cerdan's Air France flight, flown on a Lockheed Constellation, went down in the Azores, killing everyone on board, including famous violinist Ginette Neveu.［11］ Piaf and Cerdan's affair made international headlines,［4］ as Cerdan was the middleweight world champion and a legend in France in his own right. Piaf was later married twice. Her first husband was Jacques Pills, a singer. They married in 1952 (Piaf's maid of honour was Marlene Dietrich) and divorced in 1956. Her second husband, Théo Sarapo, was a Greek hairdresser-turned-singer and actor［1］ who was 20 years younger than Piaf. They married in 1962 and sang together in some of her last engagements.［1］
In 1951 Piaf was involved in a car crash along with Aznavour, breaking an arm and two ribs, and thereafter had difficulty breaking serious morphine and alcohol addictions.［1］ Two more near-fatal car crashes exacerbated the situation.［6］ Her first husband, Jacques Pills, took her into rehabilitation on three different occasions to no avail.［1］
Death and legacy
The grave of Édith Piaf, Père Lachaise Cemetery, ParisPiaf died of liver cancer at Plascassier, on the French Riviera, on 10 October 1963, but officially made public on the 11th, the same day that her friend Jean Cocteau died.［12］ She slipped in and out of consciousness for the last months of her life.［6］ It is said that Sarapo drove her body back to Paris secretly so that fans would think she had died in her hometown.［1］［10］ She is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery, in Paris, where her grave is one of the most visited.［1］
玫瑰人生La Môme(2007)
又名：粉红色的一生(港) / La vie en rose / Edith Piaf
上映日期：2007-02-08(柏林电影节) / 2007-02-14(法国) / 2007-05-31(捷克) / 2007-06-22(英国)片长：140分钟
主演：玛丽昂·歌迪亚 Marion Cotillard/西尔薇·泰斯图德 Sylvie Testud/帕斯卡·格里高利 Pascal Greggory/艾玛纽尔·塞尼耶 Emmanuelle Seigner/让-保罗·卢弗 Jean-Paul Rouve/杰拉尔·德帕迪约 Gérard Depardieu/克洛蒂尔·蔻洛 Clotilde Courau/让-皮埃尔·马丁斯 Jean-Pierre Martins/卡特琳娜·阿莱格雷 Catherine Allégret/马克·巴贝 Marc Barbé/卡洛琳·西侯 Caroline Sihol/玛侬·舍瓦利尔 Manon Chevallier/宝琳·布雷特 Pauline Burlet/卡罗琳·雷诺 Caroline Raynaud/安德烈·彭文 André Penvern/西莉亚·马基 Cylia Malki/哈利·海顿-佩顿 Harry Hadden-Paton
导演：奥利维埃·达昂 Olivier Dahan编剧：伊莎贝尔·索伯曼 Isabelle Sobelman/奥利维埃·达昂 Olivier Dahan
